Calculate network address, broadcast address, subnet mask, and usable hosts for any IP/CIDR.
What is subnetting?
Subnetting is the process of dividing a large network into smaller, more efficient sub-networks. It helps organize networks, improve performance, and enhance security.
What is CIDR notation?
CIDR notation expresses a subnet using an IP followed by a slash and the number of network bits, e.g. 192.168.1.0/24.
What is a subnet mask?
A subnet mask is a 32-bit number that separates the IP address into network and host portions. For /24, the mask is 255.255.255.0.
How many usable hosts in a /24 subnet?
A /24 subnet has 256 total addresses and 254 usable hosts (minus network and broadcast addresses).
What is the broadcast address?
The broadcast address is the last address in a subnet, used to send messages to all devices. For 192.168.1.0/24 it is 192.168.1.255.
What is the network address?
The network address is the first address in a subnet, identifying the network itself.
What is the difference between public and private IPs?
Private IPs (10.x.x.x, 172.16-31.x.x, 192.168.x.x) are for local networks. Public IPs are routable on the internet.
Can I subnet IPv6 addresses?
Yes, IPv6 uses the same CIDR concept with 128-bit addresses. Standard IPv6 subnets are /64.